natural theology

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vol VII: Notes

2015

Notes

[Sunday 25 October 2015 - Saturday31 October 2015]

[Notebook: DB 79: Galileo Wins]

[page 114]

Sunday 25 October 2015

I am still underground, working away at my product with a relatively clear course to the completion of my website. Coming to the surface enough to feel a bit romantic, nevertheless.

I take my mental process as a paradigm (isopmorphism) of the functioning of the world, Perhaps I owe this to Lonergan who translated Aristotle and Thomas's physical metaphysics into psychological metaphysics which explores the intelligence of the Universe by analogy with human intelligence. I doubt whether Lonergan would be comportable with this interpretation of his idea since he seemed to be firmly in the Catholic camp that holds that we are a special hybrid spiritual/material entity unlike anything in the world and that each of us has to be specially created by God. This is true, of course in the divine universe paradigm where everything is created by a process of insight, in physics the creation and annihilation of particles.

Creation requires annihilation if creation requires a limited resource, ie action, energy, processing power [frequency × word length].

Science has gained its autonomy by making itself orthogonal to politics, power and money. At least to some extent.

[page 119]

Auyang, page 26 Einstein: 'Why were seven years required for the construction of the general theory of relativity? The main reason lies in the fact that it is not easy to free oneself from the idea that coordinates must have an immediate metrical meaning.' Auyang

page 27: 'The Gaussian coordinates individuate but neither relate nor measure'. A correspondence between points and ordered sets of numbers (vectors?).

page 30: 'Physical theories parametrized by space-time variables are considered more basic than those that are not. Thus mechanics is more basic than thermodynamics'. Perhaps the idea is reversed in the network model because entropy and information are primary?

page 33: 'The concept of symmetry contains a concept for difference, another for identity and a third for relating the two.

page 35: 'linear momentum is the generator of translations. The invariance of a system under transformations implies the conservation of the associated generator [the generator is the immobile / symmetrical / invariant algorithm that executes the actual dynamics].

page 39: '. . . in general relativity the orientations of the inertial frames are free to vary from point to point, and the differences in orientations carry information about the gravitation field.'

page 39: Einstein: 'These points of intersection naturally are present during all transformations (and no new ones occur) if only certain uniqueness conditions are observed. It is therefore most natural to demand of the laws that they determine no more than the totality of space-time coincidence.'

A network does this without reference to the geometric distance between nodes? [what is important is addressing, which is local in a network as strings are compared to determine waypoints and destination.]

[page 120]

Auyang page 41: 'As a result of the equivalence principle, the exists at each point in the spatio-temporal manifold a tiny Minkowski space. Unlike the case of special relativity, in which all the tiny spaces are fixed and fused into a global Minkowski space, the tiny Minkowski spaces in general relativity are free to rotate independently of each other.'

page 42: The connection represents the gravitational potential.' the 'force' of communication.

The transfinite computer network is the space of the fixed points of god [a real computer works because it is a sequence of physical fixed points].

page 43: '. . . a new form of matter, the electromagnetic field.'

. . .

page 44: 'gauge invariance' should be 'phase invariance', 'gauge fields' —> 'phase fields' [phases to probabilities, why? 'amplitude' - loudness, pushiness].

page 45: 'According to hte current standard model of elementary particle physics based on quantum field theory, the fundamental ontology of the world is a set of interacting fields.'

page 47: 'The world of fields is full, in contrast to the mechanistic world in which articles are separated by empty space across which forces act instantaneously at a distance.'

page 49: 'Realistic field theories mostly use the manifestly relativistic Lagrangian formulation, where the fields are derived from a Lagrangian via a variational principle.'

How does the world do the calculations of the linear algebra, ie forming the dot product?

[page 121]

Auyang page 53: ' . . . field theorists say particles are epiphenomena and the concept of particles is not central to the description of fields.

page 57: 'the whole point of symmetries is to suppress the undersireable effects of coordinates.'

page 62: 'We examine quantum theories and try to bring out the general conceptual structure by which we acknowledge what they describe as the objective world.'

Communication theory deals with what two communicants are telling each other, which is intuitively linked to the nature and concerns of the communicating agents.

page 65: 'The set of all possible states of a system, called its state space is the most basic postulate of the theory and is the fundamental framework underlying all descriptions of the system [our layered network model constructs its own state space as it complexifies].

page 73: Quantum states irreducibly complex - purely because they are periodic?

page 75: 'The degeneracy in meaning has been a stumbling block in understanding the quantum world view. Quantum properties are not visualizable, but this will no longer prevent them from being physical.'

Monday 26 October 2015

pages 77-78: 'Quantum phases carry information, therefore phase manipulation and determination are important practical problems. . . . we can conclude that quantum amplitudes and complex phases are kickable and empirically determinable with sufficient labour. They are physical.'

page 78: We cannot manipulate a quantum system to obtain a specific eigenvalue in an experiment (?).

[page 122]

Auyang page 83: 'The world exhibits many levels of scale and complexity that require radically different descriptions. (Maybe not, all are networkable) . . . There is no universally unified theory that accounts for all levels of complexity.'

Dope blurs the boundaries of my metaphysical / theological box so that I find new and sometimes productive points of view. From a theoretical point of view of I have the ansatz: only the consistent is observable. In mathematical terms this means only the real numbers (and structures built on real numbers) are observable but we explain the activity behind the scenes in complex numbers and linear algebra in Hilbert spaces of any dimension. The coupling between the complex recursive functions and the real numerical eigenvalues ia the heart of the measurement problem. [real numbers are a fixed point in the complex domain?] The basic navigational algorithm is that if you come to something impossible, you go around [it]. We know the real world quite well and it is discrete, a network of observable events. Some events communicate and are correlated, others are uncorrelated.

CORRELATION = COMMUNICATION (broken symmetry)

If the real is discrete, what about the invisible underpinning? Two properties: recursive, therefore complex analysis fits; and invisible [and deterministic, so computable].

Letter to Nature: Auyang review and development.

A fundamental assumption determinism = computability.

We are trying to make sense of the world by assuming that it is a psychological rather than a physical structure, an idea that first came to me through Bernard Lonergan's Insight Where he replaced physical metaphysics (matter / form to potency / act) with psychological metaphysics, the structure of communication. Lonergan: Insight

[page 123]

Auyang: page 84 'Probability just pops up in the Born postulate, and it is immediately converted to statistics.'

The processor and the process are duals?

The real coordinates (basis states of the universe) are the fixed points in the divine dynamics. We live in the world of real coordinates and use them to navigate through life. A basic set of real coordinates is position in space-time which obeys the axiom that two things cannot be in the same place at the same time without collision (interaction) [boson vs fermion?].

Mating: two shall become one flesh, a boson state.

Boson and fermion exhaust the possibilities at the one bit level, p / not-p.

page 82: 'My philosophical task is to find the categorical framework that is responsible for both the working understanding and the recognition of deficiency in understanding [ie the network].'

PROBABILITY - SYMMETRY (continuity, ie large numbers).

Auyang page 200: Magnitude is a basic structural element in our understanding of the world - measure theory [does it apply to conversation?].

page 105: 'The observer has no place in the working understanding of quantum mechanics.' Wrong. An observation is a communication and a communication takes two, operating in a product space of observer and observed [which are duals].

The universal computer network physically encodes its messages as particles when the computation halts [virtual particles are real particles hidden by the invisibility theorem?].

[page124]

The linearity of quantum mechanics means that it only adds and multiplies in two dimensions, the dimensions of a plane, ie the complex plane, every point has a complex number (vector).

Auyang page 118: Kripke: 'There is no mathematical substitute for philosophy.

Tuesday 27 October 2015

A day without commitment, a free day when I am only weakly coupled to my environment, two letters, two phone calls, one visit. At the human level. At lower levels the highly layered conversation between me and the world system continues as usual, breathing, eating, taking up space and so on.

So work on letters to Francis.

Slowly learning to believe that writing is proper work [even if I am no good at it].

Wednesday 28 October 2015

The cover-ups of the crimes against children in the Roman Catholic Church point to a failure of governance equivalent to the sale of indulgences that prompted the Reformation. Protestant Reformation - Wikipedia

First establish a doctrine (green, theological) and then promote it.

If it is to survive as a citizen of the modern world, the church must take a democratic approach to politics and a scientific approach to doctrine.

[page 125]

The pope and the bishops are just tinkering at the edges.

The Church has a minimal secretariat to deal with 1.2 billion members, but facebook can do it

I am in fact launching right into the culture war on the side of my God against theirs, who is not so much a reality as a figment of two thousand years of collective delusion. The fundamental source of productivity is cooperating, and the cooperation works independently of the mythology motivating the cooperation which may or may not completely reflect true reality.

Trying to fit the tool = {tool} to the job. Each tool is a computer or function, a definite transformation, ie tight to loose.

The Bible is a secondary source. The real source is our everyday experience of God.

Thursday 29 October 2015

Such has been the Church's sense of entitlement that it has long claimed the right to deal with the criminals in its midst by its own means, which is fundamentally to keep the crimes a secret, thus adding the crime of denying justice to the victims. As justice comes to be enforced, the Church faces financial ruin unless it can rebuild its brand. Its position is worse than Volkwagen because it is in fundamental error, like a car maker denying thermodynamics. It worships a false god of its own creation.

It took Einstein 7 years to comprehend that coordinates do not have an immediate metrical meaning. The measurabke coordinates are generated by the local application of the metric gμν to

[page 126]

The arbitrary gaussian coordinates applied to the manifold. Relativity is not so much concerned with distance as with velocity, which is an amalgam of space and time. Velocity can be coupled back to processing rate so that in the end we want a metric that couples the logical processing in the network to the measurements engineers make in their laboratories, eg the LHC. CERN - Compact Muon Solenoid

The notion of continuous Lie groups is that we can generate a finite motion by a succession of infinitesimal motions. In reality the actual infinitesimal is measured by Planck's constant, and we build macroscopic motions by combining the actions of many quantum generators. Lie Group - Wikipedia

We can describe events from the 'outside' by using a frame of reference, or from the 'inside' by using the fixed points of the process itself as the reference frame, what we might call the natural reference frame. Macroscopic physics finds it easy to corepate fixed points in the reference system to fixed points in the observed system, but the coupling is not so clear in quantum physics.

The clergy, like the wealthy, live on the backs of the poor and faithful, so insulating themselves from contact with reality, enabling them to continue to exercise their power on the assumptions of their fairytale world.

Comment to Cassidy:

The greatest evil in our midst is the exploitation and murder of people by powerful and violent politicians. Mr Abbott is a Catholic, and the Catholic Church is a direct political descendant of imperial Rome. The Pope is by Canon Law the most absolute of absolute monarchs ruling infallibly by divine right. Abbott would like to do the same.

Violence is inherent in this arrangement. Cybernetics tells us that the ruler must be at least as complex as the ruled to succeed. If one person is to rule successfully, the variety of the population must be violently cut down to the variety of one person. This situation is unstable. The only entity complex enough to rule itself is the population as a whole, hence the close relationship between democracy and peace. Barry Cassidy: Tony Abbott's ideology laid bare

Preface: Personal stuff
Introduction: mise en scene

If the world is divine all texts are inspired by god including this one.

[page 127]

Are we Jesus? As a consequence of the divine universe, yes. He and we are equivalently both divine and Homo sapiens.

Looked at dispassionately, my best change of making a bit of money in my old age is by publishing a theological revolution. I think I have reached the point where I see my option on God heavily outweighing the alternative, even hough the outside god has the advantage of many thousands of years of incumbency.

Turing machine simulator: TURSI. Tursi

Auyang page 119: Einsein; '. . . there is no such think as an empty space, ie a space without field. Space-time does not claim existence of its own, but only as a structural quality of the field' ie the domain of fields?

Weinberg: '. . . the central dogma of quantum field theory: the essential reality is a set of fields subject to the rules of special relativity and quantum mechanics; all else is derived as a consequence of the quantum dynamics of the fields.' Quantum dynamics = logical process = computation?

Auyang 121-2: 'A field is a genuine whole comprising genuine individuals, a continuous world with discrete and concrete entities technically called events.' Fixed points, messages, revelations.

page 151: I J R Atchison: ' "Quantum theory teaches us that the 'classical vacuum' state, empty of all matter and free of all fluctuations is not physically realizable." '

Energy = fluctuation = p —> not-p. In a system with more than two states, not not-p is not necessarily p, but might be p', another member of the group p

[page 128]

Auyang page 152: 'Our ancestors found the notion of nothingness incomprehensible. Quantum theory tells us that there is no coherent formulation of nothingness. In our exploration of nature, we seem to arrived at where we started.' The limit of the harmonic paradigm, to be replaced by the logical paradigm. The vacuum is random computation bounded only by consistency. Outside of consistency there is formally nothing.

page 153: 'Semantically, the values of coordinates work as proper names,' Instantiations.

page 158: 'In quantum field theory the unit is generally an interacting field system, which may be the entire fundamental microscopic world. That is how physicists study quantum cosmology.'

page 158: 'A field quantum is a discrete increment in a mode of field excitation and is more often called a particle.

As soon as we introduce space (= 1/time) we have time delay and relativity. This is by definition, so the simplicity of the universe is maintained (its unitarity) by that fact that t × 1/t = 1.

Friday 30 October 2015
Saturday 31 October 2015

Looking at myself for clues. What did the Catholic Church really do to me? Instilled fear, fear of Hell, and to some extent fear of death, even though the church preached eternal life. Monarchs rule by fear, but we can see that in a resilient democracy it no longer works as well as it did. Menzies 'reds under the bed' may have worked but Abbott's 'death cult is coming to get you' got him laughed out of office.

I fear things stronger than me, which has been my motivation for strengthening myself by examining the nature of the world and

[page 129]

myself. I will live as long as I avoid fatal dead ends like losing control at high speed. This has been a minimal requirement for my rejection of my indoctrinated fear. I have a sort of faith that the intellectual structure I am piecing together to argue against the proposition that God is not the World is getting pretty solid, and becoming worth a look for people interested in the future of theology.

DIVINE WORLD ==> SCIENTIFIC THEOLOGY (slogan of the day).

Make business not war is a difficult proposition since business is a form of war and vice versa. These warlike traits ate a product of the relative shortage of resources that acts as a selector in the evolutionary process. The rate of evolution is controlled by the rate of change of the environment since stronger selective pressure may make for smaller populations and faster evolution. Natural selection - Wikipedia, Berg J M, Tymoczko J L & Stryer L: Biology

If we are to eliminate war we have to let business (ie cooperative trading) take over everything, controlled by the need to make all increases in our welfare globally sustainable. The carbon dioxide issue is here a strong selective pressure that is beginning to increase the momentum of sustainable energy, since energy is the root source of our evolution on earth by solar radiation. The sun gives us energy and entropy.

Next Book: Thermodynamics and entropy worship: fixed points carry information proportional to the space in which they exisy. If this space is continuous (like the wave function) the fixed points may carry very little information. The wave function gives us a picture of ??? continuous dynamics. The information is carried in the [space of discrete solutions] (fixed points) of the [differential equation] of the dynamical evolution. In Hilbert space, fixed point has fixed direction (eigenfunction [string of symbols]) but varying length (eigenvalue).

[page 130]

Once we realize that our environment is divine and we are all part of one another's environment we can learn to share everything within a safe envelope and settle down to enjoy life, as is the case in any well run system, like my microcosmic body.

Auyang page 162: 'Permutation invariance is general and not confined to quantum mechanics. It says that specific particle labels have no physical significance.' If particles are all identical bosons?

'unsaying . . . is achieved by symmetry transformations.'

Auyang Chapter 7: Seems to assume a vast number of events exist independently and are then connected. A better way might be to see the communication generating the events and generating more and more complex events as the universe evolves more fixed points [space and fixed points grow in parallel].

One has to start out as a lunatic and hope to eventually reach a safe harbour and become accepted.

Copyright:

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Further reading

Books

Click on the "Amazon" link below each book entry to see details of a book (and possibly buy it!)

Auyang, Sunny Y., How Quantum Theory is possible, Oxford University Press 1995 Jacket: 'Quantum field theory (QFT) combines quantum mechanics with Einstein's special theory of relativity and underlies elementary particle physics. This book presents a philosophical analysis of QFT. It is the first treatise in which the philosophies of space-time, quantum phenomena and particle interactions are encompassed in a unified framework.' 
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Bleasdale, Faith, Peep Show, 544 pages Publisher: Flame (January 1, 2002) Language: English ISBN-10: 0340818611 ISBN-13: 978-0340818619 2002 Amazon Product Description 'Tanya, a wannabe producer with big dreams; Harvey, an LA film guru with a big idea; four slightly odd flatmates in a big house; and the little secret that's about to turn all their lives upside down ...Harvey arrives in London and meets Tanya, who is desperately searching for her first big thing. Ambition meets avarice and somehow a film is born, starring Tanya and her unsuspecting housemates. Three boys and two girls are thrown together with their many, various hang-ups still fully intact, as the ultimate peep show begins. But action is slow and Tanya is desperate ...so she decides to turn their lives into one hell of a performance. And you just can't help but watch. Faith Bleasdale's third novel is a sharp, clever, often hilarious look at society's current obsession with watching other people's lives in the name of entertainment.' 
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Feynman, Richard, QED: The Strange Story of Light and Matter, Princeton UP 1988 Jacket: 'Quantum electrodynamics - or QED for short - is the 'strange theory' that explains how light and electrons interact. Thanks to Richard Feynmann and his colleagues, it is also one of the rare parts of physics that is known for sure, a theory that has stood the test of time. . . . In this beautifully lucid set of lectures he provides a definitive introduction to QED.' 
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Fortun, Mike, and Herbert J Bernstein, Muddling Through: Pursuing Science and Truths in the Twenty-First Century, Counterpoint 1998 Amazon editorial review: 'Does science discover truths or create them? Does dioxin cause cancer or not? Is corporate-sponsored research valid or not? Although these questions reflect the way we're used to thinking, maybe they're not the best way to approach science and its place in our culture. Physicist Herbert J. Bernstein and science historian Mike Fortun, both of the Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies (ISIS), suggest a third way of seeing, beyond taking one side or another, in Muddling Through: Pursuing Science and Truths in the 21st Century. While they deal with weighty issues and encourage us to completely rethink our beliefs about science and truth, they do so with such grace and humor that we follow with ease discussions of toxic-waste disposal, the Human Genome Project, and retooling our language to better fit the way science is actually done.' 
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Grgin, Emile, The Algebra of Quantions: A Unifying Number System for Quantum Mechanics and Relativity, AuthorHouse 2005 Amazon Product Description 'Quantum mechanics and relativity have been in structural conflict for eighty years. This work shows that the incompatibility in question stems only from the assumption that their unification must be based on the field of complex numbers. Dropping this assumption, one can derive a simple mathematical structure which subsumes both theories as special cases. While the idea of generalizing the number system of quantum mechanics to make structural room for relativity is very old, no attempt has been successful in the past. The novelty brought out in the present work is based on a self-evident observation: there is no reason to expect the development of mathematics and physics to be synchronized in a manner that would keep the former forever one step ahead of the latter. More specifically, if a new number system seems to be needed in physics, there is no reason to believe that this system already belongs to our mathematical heritage.This observation changes the nature of the problem from 'finding' a unifying number system among the algebras already studied by mathematicians, to 'discovering' it ab initio from the requirement that it should lead to a structural merging of quantum mechanics and relativity. The solution, named "algebra of quantions", is derived in this book from several viewpoints, together with proofs of its mathematical uniqueness. Its physical relevance stems from the fact that the Standard Model depends less on observations if formulated over the quantions. This work is a philosophical and technical introduction to the algebra of quantions, to quantionic analysis, and to quantionic field equations.' 
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Grgin, Emile, Structural Unification of Quantum Mechanics and Relativity (Volume 1), 268 pages Publisher: AuthorHouse (December 19, 2007) Language: English ISBN-10: 1434310485 ISBN-13: 978-1434310484 2007 Chapter 1: Only two types of numbers support all of contemporary physics: Classical mechanics and relativity are built over the real numbers; nonrelativitic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory are built over the complex numbersl Since both types of numbers are well known and taken for granted by students, the general concept of a number system and the role number systems play in physics are never discussed in physics textbooks.

The essential point of the present work is that it introduces a new number sustem for relativitic quantum physics. This system, referred to as the "algebra of quantions", is also new as a mathematical structure. . . . ' 
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Le Carre, John, A Most Wanted Man, Scribner 2008 Amazon Editorial Review From Publishers Weekly 'When boxer Melik Oktay and his mother, both Turkish Muslims living in Hamburg, take in a street person calling himself Issa at the start of this morally complex thriller from le Carré (The Mission Song), they set off a chain of events implicating intelligence agencies from three countries. Issa, who claims to be a Muslim medical student, is, in fact, a wanted terrorist and the son of Grigori Karpov, a Red Army colonel whose considerable assets are concealed in a mysterious portfolio at a Hamburg bank. Tommy Brue, a stereotypical flawed everyman caught up in the machinations of spies and counterspies, enters the plot when Issa's attorney seeks to claim these assets. The book works best in its depiction of the rivalries besetting even post-9/11 intelligence agencies that should be allies, but none of the characters is as memorable as George Smiley or Magnus Pym. Still, even a lesser le Carré effort is far above the common run of thrillers.' Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 
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Lonergan, Bernard J F, Insight : A Study of Human Understanding (Collected Works of Bernard Lonergan : Volume 3), University of Toronto Press 1992 '. . . Bernard Lonergan's masterwork. Its aim is nothing less than insight into insight itself, an understanding of understanding' 
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Zee, Anthony, Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell, Princeton University Press 2003 Amazon book description: 'An esteemed researcher and acclaimed popular author takes up the challenge of providing a clear, relatively brief, and fully up-to-date introduction to one of the most vital but notoriously difficult subjects in theoretical physics. A quantum field theory text for the twenty-first century, this book makes the essential tool of modern theoretical physics available to any student who has completed a course on quantum mechanics and is eager to go on. Quantum field theory was invented to deal simultaneously with special relativity and quantum mechanics, the two greatest discoveries of early twentieth-century physics, but it has become increasingly important to many areas of physics. These days, physicists turn to quantum field theory to describe a multitude of phenomena. Stressing critical ideas and insights, Zee uses numerous examples to lead students to a true conceptual understanding of quantum field theory--what it means and what it can do. He covers an unusually diverse range of topics, including various contemporary developments,while guiding readers through thoughtfully designed problems. In contrast to previous texts, Zee incorporates gravity from the outset and discusses the innovative use of quantum field theory in modern condensed matter theory. Without a solid understanding of quantum field theory, no student can claim to have mastered contemporary theoretical physics. Offering a remarkably accessible conceptual introduction, this text will be widely welcomed and used.  
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Papers
Partovi, M H, "Entanglement versus Stosszahlansatz: Disappearance of the thermodynamic arrow in a high-correlation environment", Physical Review, E77, 021110, 2008, page . Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Sacramento, California 95819-6041, USA Received 20 August 2007; revised 7 January 2008; published 11 February 2008 The crucial role of ambient correlations in determining thermodynamic behavior is established. A class of entangled states of two macroscopic systems is constructed such that each component is in a state of thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, and when the two are allowed to interact heat can flow from the colder to the hotter system. A dilute gas model exhibiting this behavior is presented. This reversal of the thermodynamic arrow is a consequence of the entanglement between the two systems, a condition that is opposite to molecular chaos and shown to be unlikely in a low-entropy environment. By contrast, the second law is established by proving Clausius' inequality in a low-entropy environment. These general results strongly support the expectation, first expressed by Boltzmann and subsequently elaborated by others, that the second law is an emergent phenomenon which requires a low-entropy cosmological environment, one that can effectively function as an ideal information sink.. back
Weinberg, Steven, "The cosmological constant problem", Reviews of Modern Physics, 61, , 1989, page 1-23. 'Astronomical observations indicate that the cosmological constant is many orders of magnitude smaller than estimated in modern theories of elementary particles. After a brief review of the history of this problem, five different approaches to its solution are described.'. back
Links
Abel Francoise etRaoul Magni-Berton, Chercheur, dis-moi qui tu es, 'Dans une enquête récente intitulée « Que pensent les penseurs ? » et que nous avons menée auprès d’environ 2 000 universitaires et chercheurs français, nous apprenons que les penseurs français se distinguent très nettement de la population française générale quant à leurs opinions et valeurs. . . . Les attitudes politiques semblent donc être un élément déterminant de compréhension de cette population. Ainsi, 73 % des universitaires se disent de gauche, soit deux fois plus que les Français en général (36 %). Cette tendance forte, observée un peu partout dans le monde, a souvent été expliquée par une autosélection : les familles de gauche orienteraient plus leurs enfants vers des carrières intellectuelles que les familles de droite.' back
Ahdaf Soueif, What ancient Egypt tells us about a world without religious conflict, back
Alfred Tang, Ignoramus and Ignorabimus, Essay Abstract 'The limit of physics is not the same as the physics of limit. Limitology is partially physical in nature but is not reduced to physical materialism. The most important source of the limit of physics is the neglect of the supernatural. The question of the limit of physics cannot be answered a priori. The integration of science and theology is mutually beneficial and will push back the limit of physics to some extent.' ' back
Anna Shea, Stopping boats doesn't save lives - it puts them in danger, 'In our report By Hook Or By Crook: Australia's Abuse Of Asylum Seekers At Sea, we provide compelling evidence that boat "turn backs" (or "push backs") not only violate international law, but put people in danger, are accompanied by human rights abuses such as unlawful detention and denial of medical care, and - in at least one apparent case - involve the payment of money to boat crews, which would qualify as a crime under Australian and international law.' back
Assaf Gavron, Confessions of an Israeli traitor, 'The cumulative effect of this recent mindless violence is hugely disturbing. We seem to be in a fast and alarming downward swirl into a savage, unrepairable society. There is only one way to respond to what’s happening in Israel today: We must stop the occupation. Not for peace with the Palestinians or for their sake (though they have surely suffered at our hands for too long). Not for some vision of an idyllic Middle East — those arguments will never end, because neither side will ever budge, or ever be proved wrong by anything. No, we must stop the occupation for ourselves. So that we can look ourselves in the eyes. So that we can legitimately ask for, and receive, support from the world. So that we can return to being human.' back
Barry Cassidy, Tony Abbott's ideology laid bare: no compromise, just fight, fight, fight, 'The political shackles that bind leaders - the restraint against their most basic instincts - are sometimes a helpful thing. This week Tony Abbott broke free of the shackles and exposed his creed: a fundamental rejection of negotiation and compromise, and a refusal to allow compassion to get in the way of a nation's self-interest.' back
Benjamin Weiser, Fast Boat, Tiny Flag: Government's High-Flying Rationale for Drug Seizure , 'The United States attorney’s office has a rich history of bringing international suspects to New York to face prosecution, particularly in terrorism, arms trafficking and drug dealing cases. The office’s reach is so broad that Preet Bharara, the United States attorney, said in a recent talk at New York University School of Law that someone once “made the mistake of asking me the question, ‘What again is your jurisdiction, exactly?’ ” “And I said, ‘Are you familiar with Earth?’ ” he deadpanned.' back
Berg J M, Tymoczko J L & Stryer L, Biochemistry Section 2.2 Evolution Requires Reproduction, Variation and Selective Pressure, 'Once the necessary building blocks were available, how did a living system arise and evolve? Before the appearance of life, simple molecular systems must have existed that subsequently evolved into the complex chemical systems that are characteristic of organisms. To address how this evolution occurred, we need to consider the process of evolution.' back
CERN - Compact Muon Solenoid, CMS | CERN, 'The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general-purpose detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It has a broad physics programme ranging from studying the Standard Model (including the Higgs boson) to searching for extra dimensions and particles that could make up dark matter. Although it has the same scientific goals as the ATLAS experiment, it uses different technical solutions and a different magnet-system design.' back
Claire Harman, 'I pine away' . . . Charlotte Bronte's romantic obsession, back
Curtis LeMay - Wikipedia, Curtis LeMay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Curtis Emerson LeMay (15 November 1906 – 1 October 1990) was a General in the United States Air Force and the vice presidential running mate of American Independent Party candidate George Wallace in 1968. He is credited with designing and implementing an effective systematic strategic bombing campaign in the Pacific theater of World War II. During the war, he was known for planning and executing a massive bombing campaign against industrial cities in Japan. After the war, he headed the Berlin airlift, then reorganized the Strategic Air Command (SAC) into an effective means of conducting nuclear war.' back
Emile Grgin, A Historical Approach to research in Fundamental Phyiscs, Essay Abstract 'Research that aims at identifying new fundamental ideas in physics can greatly profit from a historical approach. The present essay develops this idea by conceptually analyzing the major physical theories created since antiquity and by distilling from them the research trends that have been unmistakably successful. The author's approach to research is based on extrapolating these trends into the future. It is a method that led to a unification of quantum mechanics and relativity based on a new number system structurally located between the complex numbers and the quaternions. Following a brief description of the concrete results obtained so far, the question of what's ultimately possible in physics is addressed by speculatively generalizing the results in question. back
Enrico Prati, The experimental method and the constitutive limit of the mathematical description of physics, Essay Abstract .Nature is believed to be organized by a mathematical fundamental structure. Therefore, the experiments are interpreted through mathematical models. Unfortunately, experiments can only provide macroscopic outputs, even when referred to quantum elementary object. Starting from such observation, I first consider the concept of anomaly as groundbreaking information to falsify a theory. The separability of a system between an experimental equipment and a microscopic object is discussed. Non commutative microscopic observables of elementary entities are postulated from a set of measurements of macroscopic observables interpreted as their eigenvalues. I explain the major role of the Gelfand-Naimark-Segal construction of the representation of classical and quantum abstract $C^*$-algebras to recognize the impossibility of building a theory with a unified domain for the microscopic and the unavoidable macroscopic observables. I discuss implications of the Gelfand theorems on both macrorealism emergence from coarse grained measurements and decoherence programs. Finally I apply the results to determine the fundamental impossibility to identify a Theory of Everything with the mathematical structure attributed to Nature.' back
Eugene Fredrick Mische, The Imitation of Christ: The Universal Security State, Freedom and Responsibility, Essay Abstract 'Highlights the need for studying the Master of the Universe when regarding Physics and its ultimate goals.' back
Florin Moldoveanu, Heuristic rule for constructing physics axiomatization, Essay Abstract 'Constructing the Theory of Everything (TOE) is an elusive goal of today's physics. Godel's incompleteness theorem seems to forbid physics axiomatization, a necessary part of the TOE. The purpose of this contribution is to show how physics axiomatization can be achieved guided by a new heuristic rule. This will open up new roads into constructing the ultimate theory of everything. Three physical principles will be identified from the heuristic rule and they in turn will generate uniqueness results of various technical strengths regarding space, time, non-relativistic and relativistic quantum mechanics, electroweak symmetry and the dimensionality of space-time. The hope is that the strong force and the Standard Model axiomatizations are not too far out. Quantum gravity and cosmology are harder problems and maybe new approaches are needed. However, complete physics axiomatization seems to be an achievable goal, no longer part of philosophical discussions, but subject to rigorous mathematical proofs.' back
Geoffrey Robinson, Abbott stranded in between fuzzy nstalgia and a pessimistic present, 'Like many conservatives, Abbott shares one notable feature with the Marxist-Leninists and Jacobins of the past. Both have a secret pessimism behind their public bravado. The apparently secure edifices of Western civilisation and the utopias of existing socialism were both seen as desperately fragile. Russian peasants or Syrian refugees were not poor, desperate and frightened survivors but a potential enemy within.' back
Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu, On the (im)possibility of quantum computing, Essay Abstract 'We are witnesses nowadays in physics to an intense effort to built a quantum computer. In this essay, I point out that the failure of this enterprize could be in fact more intellectually exciting than its success. I conjecture that, despite the fact that we do not know any law of nature that would prevent us from building such a machine, it might not be possible, after all, to scale up the few qubits that have been realized so far. If this turns out to be the case, the consequences could be truly amazing: it would mean that quantum mechanics is indeed an incomplete description of reality, as Einstein thought, and it would also imply that certain types of computation - and the knowledge derived from it - are fundamentally inaccessible.' back
Hilbert's sixth problem - Wikipedia, Hilbert's sixth problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Hilbert's sixth problem is to axiomatize those branches of science in which mathematics is prevalent. It occurs on the list of Hilbert's problems given out in 1900. The explicit statement reads 6. Mathematical Treatment of the Axioms of Physics. The investigations on the foundations of geometry suggest the problem: To treat in the same manner, by means of axioms, those physical sciences in which already today mathematics plays an important part; in the first rank are the theory of probabilities and mechanics' back
Ian T Durham, Unification and Emergence in Physics: The Problem of Articulation, Essay Abstract ,What is physics? What are the limits of what physics can say about the world? In seeking ever-broader theoretical `umbrellas' for physical phenomena, we are seeking unifying principles. Emergent phenomena have turned out to be some of the most difficult to explain, causing `clash of umbrellas,' so-to-speak. It is possible some of our difficulties lie in our way of articulating different parts of our field. I use articulation in its broadest sense here to include the purely mathematical as well as the conceptual. As such, even if articulation is not at the root of the problem, paying it special heed as we probe the explanatory limits of physics is imperative. This is especially true if we want physics to possess as logical and consistent a framework as possible. But it is also important from the standpoint of how we communicate (articulate) with each other as well as with the general public.' back
Jeffrey Nicholls, What is ultimately possible in physics, Essay Abstract 'Available written records suggest many human cultures hold or have held that there is more to reality than the observable physical Universe. Modern physics conforms to this pattern, postulating an invisible ‘wave function’ to explain observable phenomena. Many modern cosmologists appear to believe that the initial state of the universe was constrained in a way that dictated its evolution to its present state, which includes us. The Western Judaeo-Christian tradition attributes this constraint to an omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient being called God. God is believed to have eternally pre-existed the Universe and to be in essence completely distinct from and unlike the Universe. The standard Western theological model proposes that the only constraint on God is self consistency. Here we explore the hypothesis that God and the Universe are the same reality, leading to the conclusion that ultimately physics and theology have the same subject and that the Universe is subject to no externally imposed constraint. The world of our experience is constrained only by self consistency as traditionally attributed to God. We explore this constraint in terms of a logical model based on the extension of practical finite computer networks into the transfinite domain first explored by Cantor and applied by to the foundations of quantum mechanics by von Neumann using the function theory developed by Hilbert back
John Keane, God, the gods and demcracy [part one], 'It’s a plain truth that democracies everywhere are witnessing the resurgence of religious bigotry. There are moments when it feels even as if something like a new global religious war has begun, on several fronts. Ignorant media hype, foul abuse of the faith or godlessness of others, ugly violence calculated to scare and kill: such practices are now familiar features of daily life in democratic polities where religion was once supposed to be a settled issue.' back
Julian Barbour, The Nature of Time, Essay Abstract 'A review of some basic facts of classical dynamics shows that time, or precisely duration, is redundant as a fundamental concept. Duration and the behaviour of clocks emerge from a timeless law that governs change.' back
Lev Goldfarb, What is possible in physics depends on the chosen representational formalism, Essay Abstract 'All of science is built on the foundation of the millennia-old numeric forms of representation and the associated measurement processes. Hence, the most promising way to approach physical reality (and physics) afresh is to shift to a non-numeric representational formalism. I discuss here one such formalism for structural/relational representation—evolving transformations system (ETS)—developed by our group. In particular, the adoption of ETS obviates the introduction of consciousness into physics, since under the formalism, the two forms of object representation—by an agent (subjective) and in Nature (objective)—agree. Moreover, ETS suggests the primacy of the new temporal representation over conventional spatial representation, and it is not difficult to envisage that the latter is actually instantiated on the basis of the former, as has also been suggested by some quantum gravity researchers.' back
Lie Group - Wikipedia, Lie Group - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In mathematics, a Lie group is a group that is also a differentiable manifold, with the property that the group operations are compatible with the smooth structure. Lie groups are named after Sophus Lie, who laid the foundations of the theory of continuous transformation groups. . . . Lie groups represent the best-developed theory of continuous symmetry of mathematical objects and structures, which makes them indispensable tools for many parts of contemporary mathematics, as well as for modern theoretical physics. They provide a natural framework for analysing the continuous symmetries of differential equations (differential Galois theory), in much the same way as permutation groups are used in Galois theory for analysing the discrete symmetries of algebraic equations. An extension of Galois theory to the case of continuous symmetry groups was one of Lie's principal motivations.' back
Melissa Davey, Woman killled by 'culturally entrenched, patriarchal' husband - Victorian coroner, 'A woman burnt to death by her estranged husband was highly vulnerable because of his “culturally entrenched, patriarchal, male-entitlement attitude”, a Victorian coroner has found. Sargun Ragi did all she could to protect herself from a husband “determined to exact vengeance” on her before the domestic violence victim was murdered on 4 October 2010. Ragi had left her husband, Avjit Singh, when he tracked her down with help from his friends and a private investigator. Singh broke into Ragi’s home, stabbed her during a prolonged attack and set her on fire, the coroner, Ian Gray, said. She died from her burns.' back
Natural selection - Wikipedia, Natural selection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype; it is a key mechanism of evolution. The term "natural selection" was popularised by Charles Darwin, who intended it to be compared with artificial selection, now more commonly referred to as selective breeding. . . . Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology. The concept was published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858, and set out in Darwin's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species,[3] in which natural selection was described as analogous to artificial selection, a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction.' back
Peter Pollard, Viruses don't deserve their bad rap: they're the unsung heroes you never see, 'In freshwater, viruses are enhancing the rate of bacterial decomposition whereby complex organic matter is quickly and efficiently mineralised into their simple inorganic components such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Thus viruses are a critical part of inorganic nutrient recycling. So while they are tiny and seem insignificant, viruses actually play an essential global role in the recycling of nutrients through food webs. We are only just now beginning to appreciate the extent of their positive impact on our survival.' back
Philip Vos Fellman, Jonathan Vos Post ad Christine Carmichael, The Fundamental Importance of Discourse In Theoretical Physics, Essay Abstract 'The purpose of the following paper is to demonstrate that the “limits of physics” is in a very important way determined by the conceptual framework and language of discourse that we use in describing physical reality. In this paper we examine three particular problems, the problem of time, the problem of non-locality and the concept of maximality in quantum cosmology.' back
Protestant Reformation - Wikipedia, Protestant Reformation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to ("protested") the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led to the creation of new national Protestant churches. The Reformation was precipitated by earlier events within Europe, such as the Black Death and the Western Schism, which eroded people's faith in the Roman Catholic Church. This, as well as many other factors, contributed to the growth of lay criticism in the church and the creation of Protestantism.' back
Robert Mickens, Letter from Rome: As Italy Goes, So Goes the Church, 'The appointment of the new archbishops to Palermo and Bologna are only part of a much bigger and more important picture. You can talk about living in a universal and globalized Church all you like, but the reality is that its Italian component is still the engine that drives the train. Pope Francis knows this. And that’s why he’s making exerted efforts to change the mentality and complexion of its hierarchy. Naturally, he’s run into opposition.' back
Robertscribbler.com, Scribbling for environmental, social and economic justice, 'It’s a world that’s adding more than 50 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent gasses to the atmosphere every single year. It’s a year where, according to Ralph Keeling, we are likely to never see atmospheric CO2 levels in the 300-399 parts per million range ever again in our lifetimes. And it’s a time when global temperatures are at their hottest ever recorded by human instruments — likely to hit a very dangerous range between 1 and 1.2 C hotter than 1880s averages during 2015 and 2016.' back
Tursi, Tursi - Tutorial, ' This is an introduction to Tursi. You will learn how to write tm-files, load and execute them using the GUI or console mode. If you want to use Tursi as soon as possible, I recommend to skip this tutorial and download the tm-file examples instead. Most things should be self-explanatory. If you don't get everything, you can always search this tutorial or the manual for an explanation.' back
Vannessa Hearman, Indonesians should be able to talk about 1965 massacre without fear of censorship, 'The Ubud Writers and Readers Festival (UWRF) has cancelled events discussing the 1965 Indonesian massacres, after police threatened to revoke the festival permit. I research and write about the massacres' impact on Indonesia. I was to moderate one of the five events that were dropped from this week’s festival.' back

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