Fernandez (2025), Clinton, Turbulence: Australian Foreign Policy in the Trump Era, Melbourne UP 2026 ' Clinton Fernandes is Professor of International and Political Studies at the University of New South Wales. He has published on the relationship between science, diplomacy and international law, intelligence operations in foreign policy, the political and regulatory implications of new technology and Australia's external relations more generally. His research in the Future Operations Research Group at UNSW analyses the operational environment, and the threats, risks and opportunities that military forces will face, in the 2030-50 timeframe. 
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Field (2026), Laura K, Furious Minds: The Making of the Maga New Right, Princeton UP, 2026, ' The story of the radical conservative intellectual movement shaping Donald Trump's agenda and how it threatens American freedoms, values, and democracy Donald Trump is not a big thinker, but his 2016 presidential victory presented a grand opportunity for people who are, and it set off a radicalisation and reconfiguration of the American conservative intellectual world. In Furious Minds, Laura Field, who spent close to a decade in conservative academic circles, chronicles the rise of the New Right the network of academics, public intellectuals, and influencers who provide ideological fuel to Trumpism. This movement includes figures such as Patrick Deneen, Christopher Rufo, Peter Thiel, and JD Vance. Their agenda is built to last, and it has dire long-term implications for liberal democracy. The New Right has precedents in American history, but it is distinct for its youthfulness, misogyny, and extraordinary successes most notably the elevation of Vance to the vice presidency. The movement which draws together associates of the right-wing Claremont Institute, National Conservatives, Postliberals, and the Hard Right advocates nationalist economics, tight borders, isolationism, and reactionary social values. It helped to strategise January 6th and created Project 2025. But above all, the New Right is engaged in a vast culture war against modern liberal pluralism. It is determined to harness state power and use it in new, illiberal ways, from college campuses to the international scene all driven by the fantasy of restoring a pure America. Incisive and urgent, Furious Minds tells the story of the thinkers of the New Right and their powerful assault on American freedoms, values, and ideals. 
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Nicholls (2025), Jeffrey, Cognitive Cosmogenesis: A systematic unification of physics and theology, Austin Macauley Publishers 12025 ' This book is a personal narrative of those events and a defense of the belief that the universe itself is divine. The central argument is that by embracing this reality and abandoning notions of supernatural deities, humanity can resolve its problems. The universe, it is argued, is self-creating, and a proper understanding of physics leads to a plausible scientific theology. The natural intelligence inherent in the universe, from cellular organization to ecosystems, far surpasses any artificial intelligence. Comprehending this natural order, the author suggests, would make achieving world peace relatively straightforward. The book contends that modern theologians should recognize the physical world, rather than ancient texts, as the foundation for credible theology. It also addresses the historical entanglement of religion and politics, asserting that the model of creation presented herein fundamentally rejects the imperialistic ambitions that have fueled genocidal holy wars.'  
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Abe Books, Niholls, Cognitive Cosmogenesis, ' Cognitive Cosmogenesis: A Systematic Integration of Physics and Theology Nicholls, Jeffrey Language: English Published by Austin Macauley Publishers, 2025 ISBN 10: 1035888025 / ISBN 13: 9781035888023 Seller: Kennys Bookshop and Art Galleries Ltd., Galway, GY, Ireland back

Alex Lo (2026_03_01), My Take | China always ends up winning when the United States goes to war (with others), 'm Blessed are the peacemakers. Blessed also are those who stay out of trouble while the vainglorious and bloodthirsty go to war thinking they can dominate and win. Aggression almost never works out as intended, even with temporary success. More often than not, the warmongers don’t even achieve that much.
So good luck with imperialist-wannabes Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu, and their latest war of aggression.
China will always stay out of other people’s fights. Never get entangled, never get involved. That’s why time and again, it says it doesn’t seek global dominance, despite Western propagandists’ claims to the contrary. That has been the secret sauce of China’s success. " back

Anil Ananthaswamy (2017_07_26), The geometry that could reveal the true nature of space-time, back

Aquinas, Summa I, 50, 4, Is every angel a different species?, ' . . . such things as agree in species but differ in number, agree in form, but are distinguished materially. If, therefore, the angels be not composed of matter and form, as was said above (Article 2), it follows that it is impossible for two angels to be of one species; just as it would be impossible for there to be several whitenesses apart, or several humanities, since whitenesses are not several, except in so far as they are in several substances.' back

Archaea - Wikipedia, Archaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Archaea . . . constitute a domain and kingdom of single-celled microorganisms. These microbes . . . are prokaryotes, meaning they have no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles in their cells. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebacteria kingdom), but this classification is outdated. Archaeal cells have unique properties separating them from the other two domains of life, Bacteria and Eukaryota.' back

Aristotelianism - Wikipedia, Aristotelianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Aristotelianism . . . is a tradition of philosophy that takes its defining inspiration from the work of Aristotle. . . . Aristotelianism became a major part of early Islamic philosophy. Although some knowledge of Aristotle's logical works was known to western Europe, it wasn't until the Latin translations of the 12th century that the works of Aristotle and his Arabic commentators became widely available. Scholars such as Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas interpreted and systematized Aristotle's works in accordance with Christian theology.' back

Carol Rosenberg (2026_03_060, Trump’s U.S.S. Cole Remarks Raise Questions in Guantánamo Case, ' In laying out his justifications for the U.S. war against Iran, President Trump mentioned a mostly forgotten Al Qaeda attack that killed 17 American sailors and wounded dozens of others 25 years ago.
On Oct. 12, 2000, suicide bombers blew up the sailors’ ship, the U.S.S. Cole, while it was on a refueling stop in Yemen. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility in what would be seen as a harbinger of the Sept. 11 attacks.In laying out his justifications for the U.S. war against Iran, President Trump mentioned a mostly forgotten Al Qaeda attack that killed 17 American sailors and wounded dozens of others 25 years ago.
On Oct. 12, 2000, suicide bombers blew up the sailors’ ship, the U.S.S. Cole, while it was on a refueling stop in Yemen. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility in what would be seen as a harbinger of the Sept. 11 attacks. In laying out his justifications for the U.S. war against Iran, President Trump mentioned a mostly forgotten Al Qaeda attack that killed 17 American sailors and wounded dozens of others 25 years ago.
On Oct. 12, 2000, suicide bombers blew up the sailors’ ship, the U.S.S. Cole, while it was on a refueling stop in Yemen. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility in what would be seen as a harbinger of the Sept. 11 attacks.
Mr. Trump suggested a link between the Cole and Iran in a video the White House released hours into the war.
“In 2000, they knew and were probably involved with the attack on the U.S.S. Cole,” Mr. Trump said. “Many died.”
By conjuring up an Iran connection, Mr. Trump demonstrated how entangled the United States still is in the legacy of its last big wars as it embarks on the next. It also drew attention to a years-old lawsuit against Iran that sought a measure of justice for the families of the fallen and their surviving shipmates.
Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, a Saudi man, is accused of plotting the Cole bombing and other Qaeda attacks on ships in the region for Osama bin Laden. Jury selection for his military commission trial is scheduled to start on June 1, nearly 25 years after he was captured in the United Arab Emirates, tortured and held for years by the C.I.A. He has been a prisoner of the U.S. military at the naval station at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, since 2006.
His lawyers, who are paid by the Pentagon to defend him, formally asked prosecutors this week to disclose any U.S. intelligence supporting the president’s assertion.' back

Clinton Fernandez (2026_03_03), Trump’s attacks are not about Iran. He’s after a much bigger fish, ' Behind the turbulence that characterises US President Donald Trump’s actions in Iran lies a shrewd geopolitical strategy. In the short term, he wants to demonstrate leverage over China when he meets President Xi Jinping at a pivotal summit next month. In the long term, he wants a politically submissive Middle East.
China, the world’s largest refiner of oil, purchases about 14 per cent of its seaborne crude from Iran. The true figure is probably higher, disguised as shipments from Oman, the UAE and Malaysia to get around US sanctions. Independent low-margin Chinese refiners in Shandong province, known as teapots, also import high-sulfur fuel oil from Iran. Taken as a whole, China’s enormous plastics sector relies on Iran for almost a quarter of its liquefied petroleum gas. Control over what Iran can export and to whom allows the US to retaliate if China restricts rare earth mineral supplies to the United States. [. . .] An Iran with a government more amenable to US influence can be expected to do something similar. This is why Trump says that the war against Iran could take weeks. He isn’t merely interested in ending its uranium enrichment. After all, Iran obtained its original nuclear reactor as well the highly enriched uranium fuel to run it from the US, under former president Dwight D. Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” program in 1957, when the two countries were friendly. In the long term, a politically submissive Middle East would likely see a network of states with authoritarian regimes that comply with US objectives. These include rolling back Iran’s membership of the Shanghai Co-operation Organisation, undermining China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and weakening the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. If the US can’t change the Islamic Republic itself, then keeping it weak, divided and preoccupied with its internal affairs is good enough. Control, not access, is what Trump is after. It is the same strategy Britain had 100 years ago, when Walter Hume Long, the first lord of the admiralty, said that “if we secure the supplies of oil now available in the world, we can do what we like”.' back

Eagles (1977), Take It To The Limit (Live 1977) (Official Video) [4K]f, x back

Geoffrey Robinson (2026_03_03), Iran’s regime is vile, but what Trump and Netanyahu have done is a war crime, ' In a lawless world, it may seem idle to judge the conduct of leaders like Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu by international rules to which they are indifferent. But those who use their power to invade other countries commit what the judgment at Nuremberg described as the supreme war crime — that of aggression — because they bear responsibility for all the death and dismemberment that war inevitably entails, for civilians as well as soldiers. [. . .]
Most of the murders and tortures would be available for prosecution by a new government of Iran. And that, of course, is the problem Trump overlooked in his naive demand that the Iranian people “take back their country”. They do not have the power or the firepower to do this — all guns are in the hands of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard, who are unlikely to relinquish them.
There is no organised opposition. Reza Pahlavi, the exiled son of Iran’s last shah, is an absurd candidate to lead them, as his father was an infamous torturer through SAVAK, his secret police force. Maryam Rajavi, who heads the National Council of Resistance, is a favourite of the Iranian diaspora, but her local support is untested. So what happens next, after four weeks in which Trump promises to blast and bomb this vile theocracy?
The UN is responsible for allowing Iran to get away with the mass murder of its own people, and this would be a good time for it to act under Chapter VII of its own charter and set up an international court to investigate and indict government officials who carried out the prison massacres of 1988, as well as those who ordered the killing of peaceful protesters in the past two months. There can be no peace without justice, whatever happens to any future government.' back

Gregory F. Treverton (2026_03_04), CIA agents successfully executed a plan for regime change in Iran in 1953 – but Trump hasn’t revealed any signs of a plan, ' I am a scholar and former practitioner of intelligence and national security policy in the White House. I believe there are lessons in effecting political change in Iran that can be taken, ironically, from the very U.S.- and British-led clandestine campaign in the mid-20th century that set Iran on the road to the intense anti-Western and anti-American sentiment that has characterized its government policy for decades.
President Trump has said he wants regime change in Iran but has articulated no strategy for achieving that end.
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Strategy is the connection between means and ends. For waging a war, it means asking whether the military means available match the desired military outcome. In trying to effect political change, it means asking whether the instruments employed will produce the desired change. As journalist Fareed Zakaria put it, “‘Bomb and hope’ is not a strategy.” [. . .]
By early 1953 the U.S. government, under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorized the CIA to prepare a covert plan to remove Mossadegh and restore effective power to the shah, who at the time held a more ceremonial role. British intelligence had been pushing a similar agenda, and the two services collaborated on both the strategy and its implementation.
The operational details, especially those declassified in recent decades, paint a striking picture of a carefully planned clandestine political intervention that was successful, rather than a simple military invasion. [. . .]
Crises tend to put pressure on governments to open communications channels, and the take from any successful eavesdropping might be passed to opposition groups to help them organize and avoid capture.
If Israel can smuggle explosive drones into Iran, it should be able to make the satellite internet provider Starlink and its kin available to enable the opposition to better – and more safely – organize.
It is late in the day to emulate the Mossadegh coup with information operations, and it is probably more difficult in an era of ubiquitous social media, not newspapers. But it’s not too late to try.
I believe those brave opposition elements in Iran, who have been killed by their government and bombed by the United States and Israel, deserve no less.' back

Greta Thunberg - Wikipedia, Greta Thunberg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Greta Tintin Eleonora Ernman Thunberg (Swedish: [ˈɡrêːta ˈtʉ̂ːnbærj] ⓘ; born 3 January 2003) is a Swedish activist best known for pressuring governments to address climate change and social issues. She gained global attention in 2018, at age 15, after starting a solo school strike outside the Swedish parliament, which inspired the worldwide Fridays for Future movement.
Following the growth of the school strike movement, Thunberg became an internationally known figure through speeches, protests, and participation in climate demonstrations in Europe and elsewhere. She has addressed political leaders and taken part in major climate-related events, and her activism has been widely covered by international media, drawing both support and criticism. She has also broadened her focus to include human rights and global justice, voicing support for Ukraine, Palestine, and Armenia. In 2025, Thunberg twice joined a humanitarian flotilla bound for the Gaza Strip, which drew international attention and political controversy.' back

Ibrahim Al-Marashi (2026_03_03), Iran and the US have been at war for decades – and there’s no end in sight, ' It may seem that the US and the Middle East are currently embarking on yet another forever war. But the truth is that this is just the latest instalment of an undeclared military conflict between the two nations that has been ongoing since the 1980s.
For Americans, the war began in 1979, when Iranian students seized the US embassy in Tehran and held 52 diplomats hostage for 444 days. For Iranians, it began with US support for the Shah and its subsequent backing of Iraq throughout the 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq war.
The conflict has claimed many civilian lives. On July 3 1988, the US warship Vincennes downed Iran Air Flight 655, a civilian flight bound for Dubai. The USS Vincennes misidentified the Airbus as a military aircraft and shot it down, killing all 290 people on board. More recently, on 28 February 2026, a US-Israeli missile hit a girls’ school in southern Iran, killing over 150 civilians, most of them children. [. . .]
For Iranians, the circumstances that led to the downing of its airliner in 1988 resonate with the present: the direct military action of June 2025, Trump ordering the assassination of Soleimani in January 2020, and economic warfare through sanctions.
The 2015 Iran deal was the first attempt to end the conflict between the two nations that began in the 1980s. The deal was Barack Obama’s major diplomatic triumph, and Trump has been fixated on undoing the policies of his predecessor.
However, the recent escalation between the US and Iran was also a legacy of the Biden administration, which had the chance to de-escalate the long war between Iran and the US after winning the November 2020 elections.
US deployment to the Gulf in the 1980s was disproportionate to the threat to shipping, and was seen by many as a flimsy pretext to seek out war with Iran. A similarly dubious justification – that Iran was just weeks away from a nuclear weapon – was made by Israel to justify its 12-Day War in June 2025.
As of February 2026, the US has initiated the latest round in this conflict. To date, both states managed to escalate without crossing into total war, but that equilibrium may now be breaking down.' back

Islamic Golden Age - Wikipedia, Islamic Golden Age - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Islamic Golden Age or the Islamic Renaissance,[is traditionally dated from the 9th to 13th centuries A.D., for 400 years but has been extended to the 15th century by recent scholarship. During this period, artists, engineers, scholars, poets, philosophers, geographers and traders in the Islamic world contributed to the arts, agriculture, economics, industry, law, literature, navigation, philosophy, sciences, sociology, and technology, both by preserving earlier traditions and by adding inventions and innovations of their own.' back

Jennifer Parker (2026_03_06), The US sank an Iranian warship and didn’t rescue the survivors. Is this legal in war?, ' While debate continues over the legal justification for the United States entering the conflict with Iran, the conduct of hostilities at sea is nonetheless governed by the law of naval warfare. Under that framework, IRIS Dena therefore constitutes a lawful military target, and efforts to facilitate the rescue of survivors are consistent with those obligations.' back

Jesse Norman (2025_03-06), This masterwork is turning 250. It’s needed now more than ever., ' On March 9, 1776, four months before the American colonies broke with Britain over the issue of taxation, a little-known Scottish thinker published a long, dense book with an unpromising title: “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.”
Two hundred and fifty years later, Adam Smith is, by any objective measure, easily the most widely cited and widely quoted economist who ever lived. Astonishingly, his work still frames the central questions we face, not just about free markets, trade and capitalism, but about the nature of human society, and even what it is to be human at all.
Smith was born in 1723 in Kirkcaldy, Scotland, educated at the universities of Glasgow and Oxford, and initially made his name not as an economist but as a moral philosopher. His first published book, “The Theory of Moral Sentiments,” offered a radical theory of how we form moral judgments: radical, because it derived the creation of moral values not from scripture or divine grace, but from human sympathy and mutual regard.
“The Wealth of Nations,” as his second major work came to be known, was an extension of that project. The book is not, as sometimes believed, a hymn to greed, a paean to market fundamentalism and red-in-tooth-and-claw capitalism. It was an attempt to understand how a commercial society could generate prosperity without collapsing into corruption. [. . .]
Begin with trade. In his own time, Smith’s great target was mercantilism, or what he called “the mercantile system”: the idea that wealth consists of hoarded bullion, and that trade is a zero-sum contest. Governments granted monopolies, imposed tariffs and manipulated commerce in the purported pursuit of national strength. Producers were widely protected, consumers often ignored altogether.
Against this, Smith argued that wealth lies in a nation’s productive capacity, not in the accumulation of treasure. The free exchange of goods and services through trade enlarges the market, deepens specialization and raises living standards through competition. It is cooperative, not combative. Imports are not humiliations; they are benefits to consumers and inputs to producers.
Two and a half centuries on, in the United States — the nation founded on the experiment of a large, competitive commercial republic — the language of mercantilism is back. Trade deficits are denounced as evidence of weakness. Tariffs are presented as patriotic necessity. Supply chains are repatriated as though geography were a substitute for competitiveness. [. . .] The anniversary of Smith’s great work is a reminder that capitalism is not self-executing. It requires constant scrutiny and renewal. To adapt Benjamin Franklin’s famous line about the new American republic, “You have a capitalist system, if you can keep it.”>br> The question is not what Smith would say now. It is whether we are prepared to take seriously what he has already taught us about our world.' back

Lydia Polgreen (2026_03_06), Trump’s Fantasy Is Crashing Down, ' In Donald Trump’s fantasy world, America is invincible and impregnable. Its military is so advanced and skillful that it can pluck a sitting head of state from a hostile country and deposit him in a New York City jail cell without losing a single soldier. It can slap punitive tariffs on any nation it likes, abandon longstanding alliances on a whim, bomb any country at any time and freely blow up boats it may suspect of carrying drugs. America’s awesome power means it is unfettered by any rules, untroubled by any consequences. As an unfathomably rich and sprawling nation, blessed by geography and protected from its enemies by two vast oceans, why shouldn’t it do what it will?
Over the past six days, as Trump plunged the United States into a war with Iran, that fantasy of omnipotence has come crashing into reality. Undertaken for unexplained and perhaps unexplainable reasons, the war is being waged in a central node of the global economy against a disciplined, well-armed opponent with nothing to lose. America and Israel killed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and a dozen Iranian leaders on the first day of fighting, but Trump has clearly given little thought to what comes next. Recklessly, he has ignited a widening conflagration with no obvious end in sight. The death toll has already surpassed 1,000 people.
And yet Trump presses on, declaring at one point that the war could go on “forever.” In a manic briefing on Wednesday, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth promised “death and destruction from the sky all day long” over Tehran, a densely populated city of about 10 million people. “This was never meant to be a fair fight, and it is not a fair fight. We are punching them while they’re down, which is exactly how it should be.”
Watching Hegseth rant about limitless killing, I remembered the words of the anticolonial poet and leader Aimé Césaire. “The hour of the barbarian is at hand,” he wrote in his “Discourse on Colonialism” in 1950. “The modern barbarian. The American hour. Violence, excess, waste, mercantilism, bluff, conformism, stupidity, vulgarity, disorder'." back

Metmep Ozalp (2026_03_05), Who is Mojtaba Khamenei, Iran’s presumed next supreme leader? And would he bring change – or more brutal suppression?, ' The death of Iran’s supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, during the holy month of Ramadan marks one of the most consequential turning points in the history of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
His successor, widely expected to be his son Mojtaba Khamenei, represents both continuity and contradiction in the revolutionary system established after the Iranian Revolution in 1979.
At stake is not only who leads Iran, but what the Islamic Republic has become, nearly half a century after the revolution that promised an end to dynastic rule. Mojtaba Khamenei’s profile suggests a more security-centred style of leadership with three possible ways forward. [. . .]
First, domestic control may harden. Given Mojtaba’s reported ties to the security establishment, unrest is more likely to be met with swift repression rather than political accommodation.
Second, the IRGC could expand its influence in regional affairs, given how closely aligned Mojtaba is with the guards.
Third, any negotiations with the West would likely be tactical rather than transformative. They would be framed as a strategic necessity rather than an ideological shift.
And given the fact his father was killed in US-Israeli airstrikes, this will only reinforce a more hardline posture toward both countries.
In short, Iran under Mojtaba Khamenei would likely remain confrontational in rhetoric, but pragmatic when regime survival is at stake.' back

Papal Infallibility - Wikipedia, Papal Infallibility - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Papal infallibility is a dogma of the Catholic Church that states that, in virtue of the promise of Jesus to Peter, the Pope is preserved from the possibility of error "When, in the exercise of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians, in virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church.' back

Platonism - Wikipedia, Platonism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' In the 3rd century AD, Plotinus added additional mystical elements, establishing Neoplatonism, in which the summit of existence was the One or the Good, the source of all things; in virtue and meditation the soul had the power to elevate itself to attain union with the One. Many Platonic notions were adopted by the Christian church which understood Plato's Forms as God's thoughts (a position also known as divine conceptualism), while Neoplatonism became a major influence on Christian mysticism in the West through Saint Augustine, Doctor of the Catholic Church, who was heavily influenced by Plotinus' Enneads, and in turn were foundations for the whole of Western Christian thought. Many ideas of Plato were incorporated by the Roman Catholic Church.' back

Richard Behiel, Electromagnetism as a Gauge Theory, ' "Why is electromagnetism a thing?" That's the question. In this video, we explore the answer given by gauge theory. In a nutshell, electromagnetism arises from local phase symmetry. But what does that mean, and how exactly does that work? That's what this video is all about!
This video is quite long and technical. Think of it as a video textbook, so you can skip around to different parts if you’d like. But I wanted to err on the side of rigor and thoroughness, to show comprehensively how local U(1) symmetry blossoms into electromagnetism. So the ideas are all there for you, but you don’t have to watch this in one sitting! ' back

Sergei Treil (2026_01_21), Linear Algebra Done Wrong, 'Besides being a first course in linear algebra it is also supposed to be a first course introducing a student to rigorous proof, formal definitions—in short, to the style of modern theoretical (abstract) mathematics. The target audience explains the very specific blend of elementary ideas and concrete examples, which are usually presented in introductory linear algebra texts with more abstract definitions and constructions typical for advanced books.
Another specific of the book is that it is not written by or for an alge- braist. So, I tried to emphasize the topics that are important for analysis, geometry, probability, etc., and did not include some traditional topics. For example, I am only considering vector spaces over the fields of real or complex numbers. Linear spaces over other fields are not considered at all, since I feel time required to introduce and explain abstract fields would be better spent on some more classical topics, which will be required in other dis- ciplines. And later, when the students study general fields in an abstract algebra course they will understand that many of the constructions studied in this book will also work for general fields.
Also, I treat only finite-dimensional spaces in this book and a basis always means a finite basis. The reason is that it is impossible to say something non-trivial about infinite-dimensional spaces without introducing convergence, norms, completeness etc., i.e. the basics of functional analysis. And this is definitely a subject for a separate course (text). So, I do not consider infinite Hamel bases here: they are not needed in most applications to analysis and geometry, and I feel they belong in an abstract algebra course.' back

Theocracy - Wikipedia, Theocracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Theocracy is a form of government in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities, giving divine guidance to human intermediaries who manage the government's daily affairs.. . . The term was initially coined by Flavius Josephus in the first century AD to describe the characteristic government of the Jews. . . . according to Josephus, the government of the Jews was unique. Josephus offered the term theocracy to describe this polity in which a god was sovereign and the god's word was law. . . Iran has been described as a "theocratic republic" by the CIA World Factbook, and its constitution has been described as a "hybrid" of "theocratic and democratic elements" by Francis Fukuyama. Like other Islamic states, it maintains religious laws and has religious courts to interpret all aspects of law. According to Iran's constitution, "all civil, penal, financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria". ' back

Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, Thomas Aquinas: The medieval theological classic online : 'Because the doctor of Catholic truth ought not only to teach the proficient, but also to instruct beginners (according to the Apostle: As unto little ones in Christ, I gave you milk to drink, not meat -- 1 Cor. 3:1-2), we purpose in this book to treat of whatever belongs to the Christian religion, in such a way as may tend to the instruction of beginners. We have considered that students in this doctrine have not seldom been hampered by what they have found written by other authors, partly on account of the multiplication of useless questions, articles, and arguments, partly also because those things that are needful for them to know are not taught according to the order of the subject matter, but according as the plan of the book might require, or the occasion of the argument offer, partly, too, because frequent repetition brought weariness and confusion to the minds of readers.' back