Notes DB 92: Physical Theology II - 2025
Sunday 15 June 2025 - Saturday 21 June 2025
[page 170]
Sunday 15 June 2025
Theological wars between Israel and Iran continue. Israel boasts that Tehran is burning while Israel continues its genocide in Gaza and the gods of evil must be rejoicing in heaven as people continue to kill one another; under their direction absolute power leads to absolute murder. It is all in our hands and the truth is the only answer. What should I be doing about this? I stick to my course, the conclusion of my book, the political consequences of physical theology: the cosmic Bible.
[page 218]
Phone: Space-time enables the individualization of particles creating degrees of freedom independent of the superpositions of quantum mechanics. Ie it is clear that the primary source of individualization is the Pauli exclusion, that comes from spin ½ and since electrons communicate through photons it seems clear that photons have got something to do with exclusion. A photon spin 1 is capable of turning an electron ‘upside down’, and so contribute to their mutual independence. What then about two electrons in a singlet state behaving like a sin zero boson (in superconduction). Here is a whole new can of works to think about. The microcosm of electrodynamcs comprises electron, positrons and photons.
What can we say about trifurcation, which yields quarks with three colour charges with spin ½ and electric charges ⅓ and ⅔.
Can a positron turn into a proton? How much are we to believe about the quantum chromodynamics treatment of hadrons developed by Gross, Politzer and Wilczek? Quantum chromodynamics - Wikipedia
The fundamental symmetry in the universe is that all interactions are measured by the quantum of action which is a logical operation measured as units of angular momentum in Minkowski space but in Hilbert space they are measured by logical operations (ie superpositions, additions) of [orthonormal vectors] of unlimited complexity.
[page 219]
I am always out of my depth in both physics and theology so I have no choice but to swim. My problem now is the relationship between the representation of a photon in Hilbert space and its representation in Minkowski space. The answer appears to be that although we are sensitive to photons with our eyes and they burn our skin if we are naked in the Sun for too long, photons do not exist in spacetime at all. The unit of distance ds in Minkowski space obeys the equation ds2 = dr2 + c2dt2. Since photons move at the speed of light, we can see that if a photon travels in spacetime for one second, r = c so ds2 = c2 - c2 = 0, and since this is true for all values of t and r, photons never appear in spacetime and the spacetime interval between their creation and their annihilation is zero. They occupy part of the spacetime world which is similar to Hilbert space, a mathematical creation in which there is neither space nor time.
They are therefore a window on Hilbert space, and they carry some interesting details. First, they have energy. We have speculated that this energy comes from the zero-sum bifurcation of naked gravitation, and it can have any value between almost zero and almost infinity.
Their other property is polarization.The world is a book and we start reading it [and learning it] as soon as we are born.
Monday 16 June 2025
[page 219]
Here we go again, thinking about the birth of the universe from Aquinas’s god, the only reliable “data” available in the imperial Roman Catholic Church, an eternal, omnipotent, absolutely simple source (therefore completely ignorant) constrained only by the impossibility of the impossible. My current mantra, identifying this entity with naked gravitation the divine feeling that orients my world. Working no to establish Minkowski space as the outcome of interactions between fermions and bosons. Drafting a section on the massless photon, a window on the underlying Hilbert space existing before the advent of space and time. Now we turn to massive fermions and the origin of the exclusion principle rooted somehow in the evolution of interactions between photons and electrons.
Begin with Qiu-Hong Hu’s essay on the nature of the electron, beginning with the hypothesis that the mass of fermions points to internal process analogous to the quantum chromodynamic model of the proton described by the Lagrangian published by Wilczek. But first check my money supply. Qiu-Hong Hu (2005_12_29): The Nature of the Electron
[The problem outlined by Feynman:]
Why is it that particles with half-integral spin are Fermi particles whose amplitudes add with a minus sign, whereas particles with integral spin are Bose particles whose amplitudes add with a positive sign? We apologize for the fact that we cannot give you an elementary explanation. An argument has been
[page 221]
worked out by Pauli from complicated arguments of quantum field theory and relativity. He has shown that these two must necessarily go together but we have not been able to find a way of reproducing his arguments at an elementary level. It appears to be one of the few places in physics where there is a rule that can be stated very simply, but for which no one has found a simple explanation. The explanation is deep in relativistic quantum mechanics. This probably means that we do not hae a complete understanding of the fundamental principle inolved. For the moment you just have to take it as one of the rules of the world.
Indistinguishable alternatives add amplitudes and then calculate probability by squaring the probability amplitudes. In other words, the real action is going on in the Hilbert quantum realm.
Then the amplitude for an event is the sum of the two interfering amplitudes, but interestingly enough the interference is in some cases with the same phase and in others with the opposite phase.
For example: the amplitude for particle a to enter counter 1 and particle b to enter counter 2, f(θ), probability |f(θ)|2, versus a → 2, b → 1, we would expect amplitude f(π − θ) and probability |f(π − θ)|2.
These are identical and indistinguishable, but what if one is f(θ) and the other is eiδf(π − θ), and eiδ may be + or − 1, exchange goes with same sign or opposite sign. Bose = +, Fermi = −
Bose: photon, mesons and graviton; Fermi: electron, muon, neutrinos. α particle is Bose
[page 222]
Composite body with half integral spin, Fermi; integral spin, Bose.
So tomorrow we use the inversion of Hilbert and Minkowski to explain the spin-statistics theorem [using the heuristic of simplicity] Maybe. I wish. This will be the heart of physical_theology_May2025. Now have some Milo and culture.
[financial calculation]
Tuesday 17 June 2025
Physical_theology_May2025 is taking a long time but gaining depth. Now quote Feynman, review Duck and Sudarshan and then put forward Hilbert first scheme using Zurek explanation in Hilbert tensor product space to explain exclusion without relativity, using alternative view that relativity (Minkowski space) is a consequence of quantum mechanics, a confidence building work program that gets me back on a even keel [ie has Zurek’s idea that unitary symmetry must be broken to enable communication got anything to do with Pauli exclusion?]. Wojciech Hubert Zurek (2008): Quantum origin of quantum jumps: breaking of unitary symmetry induced by information transfer and the transition from quantum to classical
Hopefully this work will add justification to my dream to put Hilbert space first as the route to unifying theology and physics.
What have fermions and bosons got to do with world affairs? They are part of the universe and support the elimination of imperialism by establishing localism.
[page 223]
I sit here in equilibrium without feeling any need to move in a particular direction (except from the motivation to record the observation, part of a project to record my life as a particle, a hydrogen atom in deep space).
The two slit experiment depends on a phase shift in the same way as the distinction between fermions and bosons, but the phase shift is “built in” to the particles rather than a consequence of the [two slit] geometry of spacetime, but on the other hans spacetime is caused by the phase shift embedded in the distinction between fermions and bosons. The two slit experiment is based on space-time geometry.
Kaplan page 10: “to the best of my knowledge, not only a simple answer does not exist, but we still have no convincing reasons that identical particles with half integer spin are described with asymmetric functions and identical particles with integer spin are described by symmetric functions. Ilya G. Kaplan (2019_04_25): Pauli Exclusion Principle and its theoretical foundation
page 21: ‘particles can only exist in 3D [4D?]space’ Is a photon a particle?’
How does zero sum bifurcation of gravitation relate to bifurcation of fermions and bosons but begin with boson / fermion. Why does Dirac equation create fermions? SU(2).
Qiu-Hong Hu: ‘In this article a topological structure of the electron is postulated as a working hypothesis. . . . It is shown that the formulation is able to incorporate most, if not all, attributes of the electron, including
[page 224]
spin ½h, magnetic moment eh/2mc, fine structure constant, α, anomalous magnetic moment μe, ½(α/π) and charge conservation into a one parameter space curve.
Hubius Helix generated by massless particle at the speed of light.
Hu page 10: ‘There have been several alternative ways to establish quantization conditions . . . but all have failed to notice that it is logical, simple addition “and”, superposition of arithmetical statements, linear.
. . . Schrödinger converted the quantum condition to an eigenvalue problem of a differential (integral) equation.
page 11: De Broglie’s quantum condition: de Maupertuis + Fermat = waves associated with the particle have the same velocity as the particle and the path of the particle is the ray of the waves.
Phone: One quantum is one full turn of phase and half a turn is half a quantum equivalent to the operator not: ½ − ½ = 0 (measured in phase). All the meaning and information in quantum mechanics is encoded in phase [gauge] and the eigenfunctions yielded by self-adjoint operators are the ‘content’ of the quantum which may be ‘basis’ vectors of any complexity, ie |Φ⟩ = a|man⟩ + b|woman⟩.
[page 225]
We summarize Hu’s picture of the electron and then we go to the question of fermions and bosons.
Hu was trying to capture the electron as a real thing. We know what it does. Now we want to know why. Why the exclusion principle?
Wednesday 18 June 2025
Looking back on the history of evolution we see how successful it has been creating many millions of species and we can see also that many millions have gone extinct. What we do not see is the vast number of variations that failed to even come alive and reproduce.
My project to develop scientific theology has gradually taken on a political dimension as I explore the power of evolutionary duality to control the predatory forces on the world and prevent the sort of imperial genocide which has become the road to power since the development of military power with fighting technology in the last 10 000 years. The key, I feel, is the replacement of headspace built on divine a priori power with the notion that particles rule and Einstein (in Woolf) ‘you know it would be sufficient to truly understand the electron’ [the source of spacetime].
Hu page 40 ‘to conclude, the present work . . . is a manifest in my belief in Einstein’s conviction ‘You know it would be sufficient to truly understand the electron’.
[page 226]
Hu page 22: equation 2 : part 1 means that waves along a path muat be an integer multiple of the wavelength; part 2: the action along the path must be integer multiples of the action E = ℏω.
Equation 3a, 3b; Length of Hubius Helix is 4π = 1 quantum de Broglie.
4.3 Compton Wavelength, Mass and Radius of electron.
Wavelength is Compton wavelength of the electron λ = 2π (h/mc).
From page 225: Hans Dehmelt Nobel Lecture. Hans G Dehmelt (1989_12_08): Experiments with an Isolated Subatomic Particle at Rest
Wolfgang Pauli: Nobel Lecture: Electromagnetic traps for charged and neutral particles. Quote Georg Christoph Lichtenberg: “one has to do something new in order to see something new”. Wolfgang Pauli (1946_12_13): Nobel Lecture: Exclusion principle and quantum mechanics
My version of this [doing something new] was to join the Dominican Order and see how the work of Aristotle, Aquinas, and Galileo was trashed by the (unfortunately successful) work of the Church by establishing a two truth theory to maintain its imperial hegemony of human thought.
[page 227]
Dehmelt: ‘Such traps permit the observation of isolated particles, even a single one, over a long period of time and therefore according to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle enable us to measure their important properties with exceedingly high accuracy.’
‘linear quadrupole mass spectrometer’.
page 614: ‘Is it possible to confine neutrons in a bottle?’ 30 years later superconducting magnets made it possible.
Still trying to crack the spin ½ exclusion principle thing on the basis of the inversion of Minkowski /Hilbert. What is the clue in Hu — work through it: Feynman: ‘We do not have complete understanding’.
Duck page 284:
Abstract: ‘Finally, an argument starting with ordinary number values (commuting) and Grassman valued (anti-commuting) oscillators shows in a natural way that these must relativistically embed into Klein-Gordon spin 0 and Dirac spin ½ fields respectively. In this way the Spin-Statistics Theorem is understood at the expense of admitting the existence of the simplest Grassman valued field.’page 284: Part C: Proof based on Sudarshan’s observation that rotational invariance, in conjunction with the postulate of flavour symmetry of the Lagrangian, requires the spin-statistics connections. Ian Duck and E.C.G. Sudarshan (1998): Toward an understanding of the spin-statistics theorem
[page 228]
Duck & Sudarshan page 285: Part D: Understanding the spin-statistics connection.
Big question? Why anticommutators: “Within the confines of the local lagrangian formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics in ordinary (3 + 1) dimensional space-time we do know that they must have half-integral spin and vice versa.”
The foundation of the theorem is relativistic quantum field theory. This has meaning in Minkowski space, but not in quantum mechanics where there is no space-time.
Duck page 285: Neuenschwander: ‘Everyone knows the S-ST but no one understands it.
All about the number of particles per quantum state: B-E stats many; F-D stats, 1.
Full formalism of relativistic QFT unnecessary!, Here ST needs only half integral spin supplemented by one essential feature of relativistic theory:
(1) Anti-commutation [a, b†]+ ≡ ab† + b†a → FD, spin ½ Dirac;
(2) Commutation [a, b†]− ≡ ab† − b†a → BE, spin 0, Klein-Gordon.
page 289: ‘Our strategy is: we do ordinary quantum mechanics in ordinary (3 + 1)dimensional space-time’.
We, or course do all our quantum mechanics in Hilbert space, but then we have the problem discussed here of translating this into Minkowski space.
The key so far is the Zurek ‘conversation theory’ modified by the idea (this is new) that fermions do not talk to one another [directly] but use photons for intermediaries. This duality reflects both genes and minds which say that animals (people) only talk to one another through genes and minds as
[page 229]
representatives of bodies just as photons (bosons) represent bodies (fermions) in the conversations of the universe. This is an insight that made evolution and reproduction possible since the generations communicate through abstract genes.
This is also the fantastic consequence of separating Minkowski space (the space of bodies) recognizing that field is similar to speech but it is general and generic rather than local and specific. A step forward, an expression of cognitive cosmology which I had not yet seen - Mendelian rather than Lamarkian inheritance.
[Note the difficulty that plagued Darwinism for half a century until chromosomes and genes were discovered as the carriers of structural information from parental bodies to child bodies, Clark Chapter 12 sqq Ronald Clark (1984): The Survival of Charles Darwin: A Biography of a Man and an Idea]
Thursday 19 June 2025
Aristotle already knew about the Pauli exclusion principle when he made energy = matter the principle of individuation. So in Aristotle’s world the principle of individuation is matter which for us is energy, so when gravitation gives energy to an electron it becomes an individual. What, if any, is the formal reason for this transformation - energy - mass - spin ½?
Energy has two elements: action and interval (time, frequency). How does this convert form into reality, abstract Hilbert space into real particles? We first see this in the creation of the photon, a vibration with a fixed phase - Brown page 693: ‘quantum phase of a photon does not advance’: it is fixed, carried by energy, a quantum. Kevin Brown (2018): Reflections on Relativity
[page 230]
How do we make the real world out of form? This question was first faced by Aristotle and he solved it with hylomorphism. We face the same problem. Plato’s forms are now represented by von Neumann’s abstract quantum mechanics and spacetime is represented by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, and the path from one to the other is paved with fermions, bosons and the Minkowski space, all interpreted logically by logical operators.
Friday 20 June 2025
The ribosome is the tradesperson (builder) converting a plan (a code) into reality. We cast the photon as the code carrier and the electron as the first massive body, constructed from energy carried by a photon according to a code carried in the photon phase which may be multidimensional, perhaps at this primitive level 2D, ±h, in Minkowski space the specification of an electron.
We have an analogy here in the technical problem of devising a physical implementation of Turing’s computer which we can now do with large scale electronic structures of membranes, potentials and currents of electrons very similar to living cells. Are we ready yet to dispose of QFT?
The first glimpse of the new world is the no cloning theorem applied to electrons (?). They can only communicate through a photon and so they must stand off one photon distance from each other.
[page 231]
We may guess that a particle and its messenger emerge at the same time, so electron and photon. The idea that the Pauli exclusion depends on communication through photons is weakened by the notion that photons travel on null geodesics, so communicating electrons in space-time are in contact, but on the other hand, given finite size, they are not superposed so there is no need for a zero combined wave function [we may imagine that this scenario is true in city traffic, where all the vehicles are fermions and the drivers guide themselves by visual contact which operates in null geodesics between the vehicles].
Dirac (1951) A New Classical Theory of electrons: ‘The troubles of the present QED could be ascribed primarily, in my opinion, not to a fault in the general principles of quantization, but to our working from a wrong classical theory . . . the Hamiltonian forms of the equation of motion are all important’ PAM Dirac (1951_07_03): A new classical theory of electrons
Hu continued from page 226 above [4.3 Compton Wavelength, Mass and Radius of electron page 12.]
Every time I get the feeling that my story is in no way complex enough to be rue (in the light of modern physics) I am reassured by my faith in the heuristic of simplicity. So now I am feeling lazy and competent, but I still have to write it up.
Hu §4.4 page 13: Spin-orbital angular momentum of a massless particle.
[page 232]
Hu page 13: §4.5 Magnetic Moment: μe = nIA/c = . . . = eℏ/2mc
page 14: §4.6 Positron: e− + e+ = γ + γ'. Winding and twist, ie e+, e− are two Hubius Helices of opposite twist and parity creating photons with opposite polarization.
page 16: Hubius Helix and the Dirac electron: 1. Quantum mechanics first order in time; 2. relativity space and time on the same footing. §§ 4.4, 4.5, and 4.6 give us the Dirac electron, shown by Dirac’s algebra and Hu’s geometry and topology: spinor, Ehrenfest and Cartan. Paul Ehrenfest - Wikipedia, Élie Cartan - Wikipedia
page 18: §4.8 Circular motion and Zitterbewegung
page 21: §4.9 Fine Structure and the Anomalous Magnetic Moment
α combines three constants, e2, h and c and is dimensionless.
page 23: Hubius Helix bounds a Möbius strip in 3D and provides an explanation of α.
page 26: §4.10 Charge as a Geometric Attribute of the Hubius Helix.
Charge quantization via a) magnetic monopole; or b) flux quantization.
page 27: a) Dirac and the monopole. Both approaches are unsatisfactory and Hu seeks a geometric representation of charge as twist.
page 28: §4.11 Mass as a geometric attribute of the Hbius Helix
Mass is related to the radius of the electron: re = ℏ/2mc. Given c = 1 and ℏ/2 = 1, mass becomes analogous, if not identical to curvature - the origin of mass is action in curved space.
page 29: §4.12: Certain Transformation Properties of the Hubius Helix
[page 233]
Hu page 29: §12: Space time transformations: charge conjugation, C, space inversion, P, and time inversion T, CP changes electron-positron to positron-electron, T reverses the orientation of spin.
page 30: § 4.13: The Dimensions of an Electron in a Particle Physics Perspective.
Here electron radius is ℏ/2mc - 1.93 E-11. Fitzgerald contraction.
page 33: Issues Inherent in the Point-like Electron
’So now we know what the electron ‘looks’ like in Minkowski space. How do we couple it to quantum mechanics - via the photon constrained to move in a helical orbit by what? [space-time curvature inside the electron analogous to the curvature in the universe? Asymptotic freedom and confinement in the hadrons? What makes particles discrete? Back to hylomorphism and scholastic principle of individuation?]
Saturday 21 June 2025
Winter solstice - longest night
Cognitive layers: Gravitation is the ignorant omnipotent divine substance generating random Hilbert space from which quantum mechanics selects stable states to become [particles] fermions and bosons. Fermions and bosons create spacetime and begin molecular evolution. [The duality of] genetic control steers molecular evolution toward Darwinian [Mendelian] evolution. Darwinian evolution leads to mind which [enables and] controls social evolution. Scientific retrospection [history] on the story so far leads to an organism capable of self control and the avoidance of nuclear and environmental extinction - we take over the world to save ourselves,
[page 234]
— the real implementation of the theological apocalypse built on the five billion year life expectancy of the Sun: a new picture of gobal salvation based on reality, not transcendental mythological dreams — a product of cognitie cosmogenesis conceivd in the dark night of the soul. This is the dream behind my book, to be made more explicit in volume II.
Write it up: a simple picture of a simple Universe Short and Sweet.
1. Cognitive cosmogenesis: Plato and Aristotle’s unmoved mover: Mind & Matter
2. Matter and form → energy and force.
3. The initial singularity: the Christian God and naked gravitation.
4. Evolution, variation and selection in the cognitive world.
5. Quantum mechanics selects stable forms, gravitation gives them energy.
6. Bosons and fermions: bosons cognitive; fermions material, elementary particles.
7. Photon, electron and Minkowski space.
8. General relativity.
9. Molecular evolution, genetics and mind.
10. The theme: increasing entropy by spirituality and materialization.
SBS The Queen. The Queen (2006 film) - Wikipedia
We begin with Plato who built intelligence into the world in the place of the external divinity.
[page 235]
The Art of DissentNormalization in a Soviet state is to be demoted to the working class. NUtech Venture & Czech TV: The Art of Dissent
Plato: “Music is a barbarous expression of the soul”.
Plato founded cognitive cosmogenesis but I have tweaked it a bit. Normalization is putting social pressure on dissidents - civilized violence.
“Our future goes where or minds go and our minds go were our eyes go, which is to the horizon”. SBS The art of Dissent: Vaclav Havel.
